See bʰuH- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bʰuH- meaning in All languages combined (18.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-t (zero-grade root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "these are analogical according to some sources"
},
"expansion": "(these are analogical according to some sources)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*bʰéwH-eti (full-grade root present) (these are analogical according to some sources)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suppletive"
},
"expansion": "(suppletive)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną (suppletive) (< athematic *bʰéwH-ti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*báwati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بودن",
"tr": "budan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بودن (budan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بودن (budan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰowH-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*bāwˀitei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei?"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùvintis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùvintis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùvintis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*baviti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰāwáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰāwáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰāwáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰāwáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भावयति",
"tr": "bhāváyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāváyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāváyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰe-bʰúH-e ~ *bʰe-bʰuH-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰabʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*babʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बभूव",
"tr": "babhū́va"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bwātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "botë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: botë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: botë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytь",
"t": "culture, essence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstract denominal of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(abstract denominal of *byti)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”) (abstract denominal of *byti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́σῐς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phúsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phúsis), φῠ́στῐς (phústis)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fis",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Albanian: fis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Albanian: fis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHtiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHtiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHtiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHtiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHtiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHtiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूति",
"tr": "bhū́ti, bhūtí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhū́ti, bhūtí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhū́ti, bhūtí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ti-ḱos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυσικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós), φυτικός (phutikós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bū́tu"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bū́tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bū́tu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "būton"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: būton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: būton, boūton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytъ",
"t": "entity, creature"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "denominal from the supine of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(denominal from the supine of *byti)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”) (denominal from the supine of *byti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-m-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूमन्",
"tr": "bhū́man"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùtas",
"t": "accommodation"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byto",
"t": "being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*butā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *butā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *butā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "Bot-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: Bot-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: Bot-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: both",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: both"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠτός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phutós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phutós), φῠτόν (phutón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-lom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon), φῡλή (phūlḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin (pro)bus, (super)bus, (trī)bus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tlom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pʰútlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā, *pʰútlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́τλᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phútlā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phútlā), φῠ́τλη (phútlē); φῠ́τλον (phútlon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "būklas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: būklas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: būklas, bū́kla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ros"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*būraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *būraz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *būraz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pro-bʰHus (“good, excellent”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रभु",
"tr": "prabhú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*proβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *proβos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *proβos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "probus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: probus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: probus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "+ *swe- (“self”)"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*swe-bʰuH- (perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "atsvabinât"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: atsvabinât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: atsvabinât, svabads"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svoboda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda, *sveboda (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swēbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Samnium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: Samnium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: Samnium, Sabīnī, Sabellī, Semnōnes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*būmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bimë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bimë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bimë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bëhem"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bëhem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bëhem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"alt": "*bāl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "abolla",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: abolla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: abolla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "բոյս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys), բոյլ (boyl), բոյն (boyn), բլիթ (blitʻ), բոյթ (boytʻ), բայ (bay), (possibly) բաւիղ (bawił) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bautaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bautaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bautaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bōþō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*buskaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -bō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -bō (ending of future), -bam (ending of imperfect), -bundus (as in moribundus)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, become, grow, appear"
],
"id": "en-bʰuH--ine-pro-root-ZZyScbF3",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰuH-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-t (zero-grade root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "these are analogical according to some sources"
},
"expansion": "(these are analogical according to some sources)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*bʰéwH-eti (full-grade root present) (these are analogical according to some sources)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suppletive"
},
"expansion": "(suppletive)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną (suppletive) (< athematic *bʰéwH-ti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*báwati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بودن",
"tr": "budan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بودن (budan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بودن (budan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-yé-ti (ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰowH-éye-ti (causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*bāwˀitei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei?"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùvintis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùvintis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùvintis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*baviti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰāwáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰāwáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰāwáyati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰāwáyati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰāwáyati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भावयति",
"tr": "bhāváyati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāváyati)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāváyati)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰe-bʰúH-e ~ *bʰe-bʰuH-ḗr (reduplicated perfect)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰabʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*babʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बभूव",
"tr": "babhū́va"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bwātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "botë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: botë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: botë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytь",
"t": "culture, essence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstract denominal of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(abstract denominal of *byti)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”) (abstract denominal of *byti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́σῐς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phúsis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phúsis), φῠ́στῐς (phústis)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fis",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Albanian: fis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Albanian: fis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHtiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHtiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHtiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHtiṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHtiṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHtiṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूति",
"tr": "bhū́ti, bhūtí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhū́ti, bhūtí)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhū́ti, bhūtí)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ti-ḱos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυσικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós), φυτικός (phutikós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bū́tu"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bū́tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bū́tu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "būton"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: būton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: būton, boūton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytъ",
"t": "entity, creature"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "denominal from the supine of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(denominal from the supine of *byti)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”) (denominal from the supine of *byti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-m-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûma)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûma)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूमन्",
"tr": "bhū́man"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùtas",
"t": "accommodation"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byto",
"t": "being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*butā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *butā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *butā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "Bot-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: Bot-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: Bot-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: both",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: both"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠτός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phutós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phutós), φῠτόν (phutón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-lom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon), φῡλή (phūlḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin (pro)bus, (super)bus, (trī)bus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tlom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pʰútlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā, *pʰútlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́τλᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phútlā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phútlā), φῠ́τλη (phútlē); φῠ́τλον (phútlon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "būklas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: būklas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: būklas, bū́kla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ros"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*būraz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *būraz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *būraz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pro-bʰHus (“good, excellent”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रभु",
"tr": "prabhú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*proβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *proβos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *proβos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "probus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: probus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: probus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "+ *swe- (“self”)"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*swe-bʰuH- (perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "atsvabinât"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: atsvabinât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: atsvabinât, svabads"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svoboda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda, *sveboda (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swēbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Samnium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: Samnium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: Samnium, Sabīnī, Sabellī, Semnōnes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*būmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bimë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bimë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bimë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bëhem"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bëhem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bëhem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"alt": "*bāl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "abolla",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: abolla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: abolla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "բոյս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys), բոյլ (boyl), բոյն (boyn), բլիթ (blitʻ), բոյթ (boytʻ), բայ (bay), (possibly) բաւիղ (bawił) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bautaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bautaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bautaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bōþō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*buskaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -bō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -bō (ending of future), -bam (ending of imperfect), -bundus (as in moribundus)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European irregular-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to be, become, grow, appear"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oleg Trubachyov"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰuH-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.